Dealer-to-dealer: the channel with no platform and no fee
No listing, no commission, no escrow, no protection. What makes this channel worth understanding is that several jurisdictions treat a dealer-to-dealer purchase differently from a public one — but almost never automatically.
Schedules read 2026-09-22. Platforms change their fees without much notice — check against your own invoice before you rely on a figure.
What it charges a seller
Nothing, because there is no platform — the costs are payment rails and risk
| Platform commissionThere is no intermediary to pay. | None |
|---|---|
| Listing fee | None |
| Payment costUsually a wire fee. The calculators model this channel as zero-fee by assumption rather than from a published schedule, which is worth remembering when you compare. | Whatever your bank charges |
| The real costYou are selling into someone else's margin, and you carry the risk personally because nothing stands behind the transaction. | Trade price, and counterparty risk |
- Payment processing
- None by default. A wire is the usual settlement; card or processor payments would carry their own rates and their own chargeback exposure.
- Listing fee
- None.
Getting paid, and what's required of you
- Payout timing
- Immediate, or as fast as the payment rail you agree. This is the fastest channel covered on this site.
- Paid to
- Wire, cash within legal limits, or trade. Cash above the federal threshold triggers a reporting obligation.
- Holds
- None imposed by anyone. Whether your own statutory holding period still applies is a separate question, and usually the answer is yes.
- Account
- None. The requirement is knowing who you are dealing with.
- Verification
- Entirely on you. There is no platform verifying either side, which is why a licence number and a signed form matter more here than anywhere else.
- Business account
- Both sides are typically licensed dealers, and in several jurisdictions that status is exactly what changes the treatment of the purchase.
- Authentication
- Not offeredNone. No third party inspects the watch, and no certificate is issued. What you have instead is your own examination and the other dealer's reputation.
- What it covers
- None whatsoever. No escrow, no money-back guarantee, no platform to appeal to. If a watch is wrong, your remedy is whatever you agreed in writing plus the ordinary law of contract.
What it's good at
- Moving stock quickly at a known price, without fees, holds, or a buyer to manage.
- Watches outside your own market — another dealer's customer base can be worth more than your own on a given reference.
- Dealers who have built the relationships that make this channel possible, which is the entry barrier rather than any fee.
What to watch out for
- No fee is not the same as no cost. You are selling at a trade price into a dealer who intends to make a margin, which is usually a wider gap than a marketplace commission.
- Exemptions are conditional. California exempts an interdealer transfer only where the selling dealer states in writing, under penalty of perjury, that the required reports were made — the exemption follows the paperwork, not the relationship.
- Fort Worth does not require its 14-day hold on purchases from other licensed secondhand dealers, but that is one city's rule and does not generalise.
- Your own obligations usually survive. Buying from another dealer does not exempt you from registering, reporting or holding unless your jurisdiction says so.
- Nothing stands behind the deal. Settle on terms you would be comfortable enforcing yourself, because enforcing them yourself is the only option.
Every other page in this section describes what an intermediary charges. This one describes what happens when there isn't one.
The cheapest channel is not the cheapest exit
There is no commission, no listing fee, no escrow charge and no payout delay. The only hard cost is whatever your bank takes for a wire.
That makes dealer-to-dealer look unbeatable on any fee comparison, and the comparison is misleading. You are selling into another dealer's margin — they are buying to resell, and they need the spread that makes it worth doing. On most watches that gap is wider than a marketplace commission would have been.
What you buy with it is speed and certainty: no hold, no buyer to manage, no dispute window, no platform deciding whether you were in the right. For stock that is dead in your case, that is often the right trade. Run it through the channel comparison calculator with an honest trade price rather than a retail one.
The legal treatment is the interesting part
Several jurisdictions treat a purchase from another dealer differently from a purchase from the public. Almost none of them do it automatically.
California is the clearest. An interdealer transfer is exempt from the usual reporting — but only where the selling dealer provides a written statement under penalty of perjury, on an interdealer transfer form or an itemized bill of sale, that the reports required of them were properly made. Both sides keep it for three years. The exemption follows the document, not the relationship.
Fort Worth does not require its 14-day holding period on purchases from other licensed secondhand dealers. That is a genuine exemption — and it is one city's ordinance, which tells you nothing about the next one.
The pattern worth carrying: a dealer trade may relieve you of an obligation, but you have to be able to evidence it. That is exactly what the dealer-to-dealer transfer form is for, and why it is written as the selling dealer's own representations rather than as a conclusion that anything is exempt.
Your own obligations usually survive
Buying from another dealer does not make you not a dealer. Registration, reporting, holding periods and record retention generally continue to apply to you unless your jurisdiction specifically says otherwise — and the exemptions that do exist are narrower than most people assume.
Check what applies where you trade in the compliance checker before treating a dealer purchase as paperwork-free.
Trust is the entire mechanism
No escrow. No authentication. No money-back guarantee. No platform to appeal to. If a watch turns out to be wrong, your remedy is whatever you wrote down, plus the ordinary law of contract, enforced by you.
That is not an argument against the channel — it is the most common way serious dealers move stock. It is an argument for the discipline that makes it safe: know who you are dealing with, write down what was agreed, record the licence numbers, and treat a counterparty who will not put their compliance in writing as having told you something useful.
Sources
- California Business and Professions Code Division 8 Chapter 9 Article 4 (Tangible Personal Property; §§ 21625-21647) - § 21626 defines a secondhand dealer as any person or entity whose business includes buying; selling; trading; taking in pawn; accepting for sale on consignment; accepting for auctioning or auctioning secondhand tangible personal property; § 21627 defines tangible personal property as secondhand property bearing a serial number; personalized initials or inscription or evidence of having had one; and excludes coins; monetized bullion and commercial grade ingots; § 21628 requires a report to CAPSS daily or no later than the next business day with a property description including serial number; brand and model; and provides that watches need not be disassembled where special skill or tools are required but the watchband shall be removed where that yields the required information; § 21630 requires electronic transmission to CAPSS by the next business day and excuses a repeat report of the same property from the same customer within 12 months; § 21636.1 requires a seven-day hold running from the date the report was made to CAPSS; with the remainder of the hold lifted after five days where the sale is recorded with the buyer's name; address and a phone; email or text address retained 21 days; § 21637 and § 21638 bar a city or county from adopting identification; holding or reporting requirements other than those the article sets; § 21640 makes unlicensed dealing unlawful; § 21641 requires the chief of police; sheriff or police commission to accept an application and grant a licence; with the application submitted to the Department of Justice which has 30 days to comment; § 21642 makes the licence renewable the second year from issue and every other year thereafter; § 21642.5 sets a Department of Justice fee not exceeding $300 and requires fingerprint images; § 21636.6 makes it unlawful to advertise the business without including the licence number; § 21643 bars reportable transactions with a minor; § 21645 makes a knowing violation a misdemeanour punishable by up to $1500 and two months for a first offence; $5000 and four months for a second and $25000 and six months for a third; § 21647 permits a peace officer with probable cause to place a renewable 90-day hold on property — retrieved 2026-09-22 · current as displayed
- Fort Worth Code Ch. 20 Sec 20-254 Holding period prior to resale (14 consecutive days; police may authorize a shorter period; not required for purchases from other licensed secondhand dealers) — retrieved 2026-09-21 · current
- Florida Statutes 538.03 (2026) - Definitions; applicability; Part I Secondhand Dealers. (1)(a) ACQUIRE means TO OBTAIN BY PURCHASE; CONSIGNMENT; OR TRADE. (b) APPROPRIATE LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIAL means the SHERIFF of the county; or if the dealer is within a municipality BOTH THE POLICE CHIEF OF THE MUNICIPALITY AND THE SHERIFF. (e) DEPARTMENT means the DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE. (f) PRECIOUS METALS means any item containing any GOLD; SILVER; OR PLATINUM; or any combination thereof; excluding chemical; automotive; photographic; electrical; medical or dental materials or electronic parts. (g) PRECIOUS METALS DEALER means a secondhand dealer who NORMALLY OR REGULARLY engages in the business of buying used precious metals for resale; the term DOES NOT INCLUDE persons involved in the BULK SALE of precious metals from one secondhand or precious metals dealer to another. (h) SECONDHAND DEALER means any person; corporation or other business organization which is not a secondary metals recycler and WHICH IS ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF PURCHASING; CONSIGNING; OR TRADING SECONDHAND GOODS; and includes a dealer purchasing secondhand goods BY MEANS OF AN AUTOMATED KIOSK. (i) SECONDHAND GOODS means personal property previously owned or used which is purchased; consigned or traded as used property; THE TERM DOES NOT INCLUDE office furniture; pianos; books; clothing; organs; COINS; motor vehicles; COSTUME JEWELRY; gold; silver; platinum; palladium or rhodium BULLION THAT HAS BEEN ASSAYED AND IS PROPERLY MARKED AS TO ITS WEIGHT AND FINENESS; indoor cardio and strength training equipment; and secondhand sports equipment not permanently labeled with a serial number (GOLF CLUBS ARE NOT SECONDHAND SPORTS EQUIPMENT FOR THIS PURPOSE). (k) TRANSACTION means any purchase; consignment or trade of secondhand goods by a secondhand dealer. (2) THE CHAPTER DOES NOT APPLY TO: (a) transactions involving a registered nonprofit; religious or charitable organization or school-sponsored association; (b) a law enforcement officer acting officially; (c) a TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY; EXECUTOR; ADMINISTRATOR OR RECEIVER who has presented proof of status; (d) a public official acting under judicial process; (e) a sale on execution or by court process; (f) any GARAGE SALE OPERATOR WHO HOLDS GARAGE SALES LESS THAN 10 WEEKENDS PER YEAR; (g) ANY PERSON AT ANTIQUE; COIN; OR COLLECTIBLE SHOWS OR SALES; (h) a person selling household personal property AS AN AGENT for the owner under a written agreement AT THAT PERSON'S RESIDENCE; (i) purchase; consignment or trade FROM ONE SECONDHAND DEALER TO ANOTHER where the selling dealer has complied with the chapter; (j) any person ACCEPTING A SECONDHAND GOOD AS A TRADE-IN FOR A SIMILAR ITEM OF GREATER VALUE; (k) any AUCTION BUSINESS as defined in s. 468.382 buying and selling estates; business inventory; surplus merchandise or business liquidations; (l) a business REGISTERED WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE FOR SALES TAX PURPOSES AS AN ANTIQUE DEALER under chapter 212 that purchases secondhand goods from the owner at the owner's residence under a written agreement stating the owner's name; address and telephone number and the type of property purchased; (m) A BUSINESS THAT CONTRACTS WITH OTHERS TO OFFER ITS SECONDHAND GOODS VIA AN INTERNET WEBSITE and maintains a shop; store or other business premises for the purpose; IF ALL EIGHT OF THE FOLLOWING APPLY: (1) the goods must be viewable by the public on the website AT NO CHARGE; (2) records of the transaction must be MAINTAINED FOR AT LEAST 2 YEARS; (3) the records and the website description must contain THE SERIAL NUMBER OF EACH ITEM if any; (4) the goods listed must be SEARCHABLE BY STATE OR ZIP CODE; (5) the business must give the appropriate law enforcement official the NAME OR NAMES UNDER WHICH IT CONDUCTS BUSINESS ON THE WEBSITE; (6) the business MUST ALLOW THE OFFICIAL TO INSPECT ITS PREMISES AT ANY TIME DURING NORMAL BUSINESS HOURS; (7) any payment must be made TO THE PERSON OR ENTITY WITH WHOM THE BUSINESS CONTRACTED and BY CHECK OR VIA A LICENSED MONEY SERVICES BUSINESS under part II of chapter 560; and (8) EITHER (a) AT LEAST 48 HOURS AFTER THE ESTIMATED TIME OF CONTRACTING to offer the goods; THE BUSINESS MUST VERIFY THAT ANY ITEM HAVING A SERIAL NUMBER IS NOT STOLEN PROPERTY BY ENTERING THE SERIAL NUMBER INTO THE DEPARTMENT OF LAW ENFORCEMENT'S STOLEN ARTICLE DATABASE at the Florida Crime Information Center public access website; RECORD THE DATE AND TIME OF THE VERIFICATION ON THE CONTRACT; and if the item is stolen IMMEDIATELY REMOVE IT FROM ANY WEBSITE AND NOTIFY the official; OR (b) the business must provide the official with an electronic copy of the NAME; ADDRESS; PHONE NUMBER; DRIVER LICENSE NUMBER AND ISSUING STATE of the person contracted with; plus an accurate description INCLUDING MAKE; MODEL; SERIAL NUMBER and any other unique identifying marks; WITHIN 24 HOURS AFTER ENTERING INTO THE CONTRACT unless other arrangements are agreed. (n) any person offering HIS OR HER OWN PERSONAL PROPERTY; or a person offering the personal property of others; for sale via an Internet website in the circumstances the paragraph sets out — retrieved 2026-09-23 · 2026 statutes
- NYC DCWP Inspection Checklist for Secondhand Dealers 09/2026 (NYC Admin Code § 20-265 licence to buy or sell used goods; § 20-273(a) record of every purchase and sale in English with a detailed description — for jewelry the metal and gemstone — identifying marks, the name, address and general description of the person, and the date and time, kept 3 years; 6 RCNY § 2-101 seller ID shown and its type, description and number recorded; seller's signature taken in front of the dealer; § 20-273(b) and 38 RCNY §§ 21-04(c), 21-07(b) electronic records maintained on LeadsOnline for 6 years for secondhand manufactured items made wholly or partly of gold, silver, platinum or other precious metals, with date, time and location, description including type, manufacturer, make, model or serial number, inscriptions and digital photographs; § 20-273(e) records available to a DCWP inspector or NYPD officer; § 20-268(b) no purchases from a minor; § 20-268(d) secondhand items including jewelry cannot be sold within 15 days of purchase; § 20-270 new-and-used sign at least 216 square inches with 2-inch letters; § 20-271(a) used items labelled as used; pawnbroker activity requires a DCWP Pawnbroker licence under NY GBL §§ 40 and 52) — retrieved 2026-09-22 · checklist dated 09/2026
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